Graduate Courses

1. Foundation Courses in Mathematics and Physics

Advanced Semiconductor Physics (70260093)

Instructor: Gao Bin

This course will introduce the fundamental knowledge of semiconductor physics, including lattice structure, energy band, equilibrium and non-equilibrium state, carrier transport, and the application of the basic theory to some classic semiconductor structures, such as PN junction, heterojunction, Schottky, MOS, etc.

Solid State Physics (70260103)

Instructors: Nan Tianxiang, Wang Yan

Introduction to the physics of crystalline solids. Topics cover classical models of solids, chemical bonding, lattice vibrations, crystalline structures, reciprocal lattice, defects, Bloch's theorem, and tight-binding model. Covers magnetic properties, and superconductivity of solids, and semiconductor physics, and devices as the advanced studies.

2. Specialized Foundation Courses

Digital VLSI A (70260073)

Instructor: Li Xiangyu

This course teaches the principle of digital CMOS IC and the methods of analyzing and designing digital IC. Its content mainly consists of model of MOSFET, model of wires and interconnection, speed, power, and robustness as well as optimization of them with respect to digital IC, combinational and sequential logic cells, general subsystem, and the methodology of VLSI design. It concerns not only the issues in planar technologies but also about the 3D devices as well as 3D integration issues.

Analog Large-Scale Integrated Circuits A (70260053)

Instructor: Jiang Hanjun

The materials that will be covered in this course can be categorized as 5 parts.

(1) The transistor models will be briefly reviewed. 

(2) The fundamental functional blocks will be discussed, including the single-transistor amplifiers, the differential amplifier, the current mirror, etc. 

(3) The analysis and design of operational amplifier will be discussed, which is the core of this course. With the stability analysis as the focus, various operational amplifier architectures will be introduced and analyzed. 

(4) Some key concepts and performance specs of analog circuits which are essential for analog design and applications will be investigated in depth, including feedback, noise, distortion, offset, etc. 

(5) Some important functional circuits will be discussed, such as the switching-capacitor circuits, the continuous-time filters, the analog-to-digital converters, etc. The new circuit architectures and design methodologies of analog circuits using the advanced CMOS technologies will also be supplemented. To help the students have a comprehensive understanding of the methodologies and design procedures of analog integrated circuits, the transistor-level simulation and analysis will be one aspect of the homework assignment.

Physics of Advanced Semiconductor Devices A (70260033)

Instructor: Wang Yan

Physics of Advanced Semiconductor Devices is a basic course to study integrated circuit design and microelectronic technology. It systematically introduces the basic concepts and basic physical principles of various mainstream semiconductor devices in modern integrated circuits. Through the study of this course, the students will master the original physical mechanism and operating principle of heterotransistor, bipolar transistor, MOS transistor, etc.

Large-scale Digital Integrated Circuits B (70260122)

Instructor: Liu Leibo

This course will introduce students to the design approach and the analysis of large-scale digital integrated circuits (DIC). Based on the review of the basic devices, the topics include CMOS inverter, combinational logic circuits, sequential logic circuit, parasitic parameters of interconnection and the timing models, the design of arithmetic and logical circuit and system, the design methodology and design flow of large-scale DICs. This course aims at developing students' ability to analyze and design large-scale DICs and systems, and optimize the area, speed and power consumption of digital integrated circuits through lectures, assignments, two recitation classes and Q&As. According to the course content and schedule, there are 3 featured course projects and one EDA tool training (HSPICE) course. These projects not only let students learn the principle of designing and debugging simple DICs, but also deepen their understanding and grasping key points fruitfully. The details of these 3 projects are as follows. Project 1: Extracting gate capacitance and drain capacitance using gate-level simulators. This project develops a better understanding on the characteristics of gate capacitance and drain capacitance under different operating conditions, and empowers the students with the ability to build the testing circuits. Project 2: Timing analysis and power profiling of inverters. This course project aims to deep the understanding of the timing parameters and power consumption profile of inverters, and explore the trade-off between the power consumption and performance. Project 3: Design of a 32-bit Carry-Bypass adder using Berkeley full adder. This project helps the students to understand the optimization methodology of the logic chain, the circuit and logical design of the adder.

Analog Large-Scale Integrated Circuits B (70260062)

Instructor: Deng Wei

The fundamental design principles and methodologies of analog integrated circuits will be discussed, as well as the design techniques of key analog building blocks. By taking this course, the students will expect to expand their knowledge and to improve their design capabilities in the area of analog and mixed-signal large scale integrated circuits, which will set the students prepared for future research work.

Physics of Advanced Semiconductor Devices B (70260042)

Instructor: Qian He

The Modern Semiconductor Physics and Devices (B) is for the graduated students whose bachelor major were not Microelectronics. The main contents of this course are: Device physics: working principle of PN junction, metal/semiconductor contact, MOSFET and IC, bipolar and HBT, etc. State-of-the-art semiconductor devices: Si logic and analogue IC, main stream and emerging memory, power devices and BCD, compound semiconductor devices and MMIC, optical-electronic devices, MEMS, etc.

Nanoscale Integrated Circuits Fabrication Process (70260083)

Instructor: Tang Jianshi

This course will teach the basic principles for all the important process modules in the microelectronic fabrication, including Si wafer preparation, thermal oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, thin film deposition, lithography, etching, metallization, etc. On top of that, this course will introduce CMOS process integration and nanoscale integrated circuits fabrication process, including high-k/metal gate, strain engineering, OPC, DFM, EUV, etc. In addition, advanced logic technology will be taught, including FinFET and GAA, advanced memory technology including DRAM and 3D NAND, special process including BJT, BiCMOS, and BCD. Finally, 3D integration and packaging will also be briefly covered.

Advanced Semiconductor Packaging and Heterogeneous Integration (70260113)

Instructors: Cai Jian, Wang Qian

The course would introduce the history of the packaging technology and industry, as well as the trends of advanced packaging technologies. A various of packaging technologies would be explained detailly to understand the key of the package. This course would cover the technologies including Flip Chip, Wafer level and panel level packaging, Fan-out and 3D packaging, 2.5D and 3D ICs, System-in-Package and System level integration, heterogenous integration and chiplets, etc. Microsystem and MEMS packaging would also be discussed in class. Package design and reliability are also involved.

3. Academic Frontier and Seminar Courses

Frontiers of Integrated Circuits (80260352)

Instructors: Chi Baoyong etc.

This course introduces the main technical topics of integrated circuits for graduate freshmen, including the principles and manufacturing process of nanoscale CMOS devices, novel materials in integrated circuit technology, artificial intelligence chips, memory, biomedical integrated circuit, RF/millimeter wave integrated circuits, digital system low-power design methodology, integrated circuits packaging, microsystems and micro/nano sensors.

Seminar on new micro- and nano- electronic devices (80260272)

Instructors: Tian He

The course is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is about transistors and advanced devices, the second chapter is about memory and advanced memory, the third chapter is about advanced lithography technology and research, the fourth chapter is about low dimensional materials and devices, and the fifth chapter is about ability improvement and examination.

Symposium on Scalable Quantum Computers (80260152)

Instructor: Chen Wei

This course starts with the introduction of quantum information. It will discuss different physical systems for the realization of a quantum computer. Students will learn the problems facing the construction of a quantum computer and discuss the latest progress in this field.

4. Practical Courses

Analog Integrated Circuits Design and Practice (80260192)

Instructor: Jia Haikun

This course includes three parts: classroom lectures, hands-on experiments, and course project design. The classroom lectures talk about the basic concepts of the analog integrated circuits design including the semiconductor processing, the analog integrated circuits analysis, and the required EDA tools for the analog integrated circuits design. Basis on the classroom lectures, the students will select their project topics with a team no more than three people. The project topics include commonly used analog circuits building blocks such as the bandgap, LDO, PLL, ADC/DAC, Filter, SerDes, and so on. The project design is the focus of this course. Students are request to complete the whole customized integrated circuit design cycle including system design, schematic design, layout design and verification, tape-out, packaging and testing.

Digital Integrated Circuits Design and Practice (80260202)

Instructor: Chen Hong

This course teaches the design methods of digital integrated circuits, and cooperates with computer practice, so that students can learn the complete process of the front-end and back-end of digital circuit design, improve the practical ability of combining theory with practice, and cultivate students' correct ideas and methods of digital circuit design through practical practice. The teaching contents include: the progress of integrated circuits, the design method of digital integrated circuits, the Verilog description method of RTL level circuits, the explanation of design examples, the design method of test circuits, logic synthesis and gate level simulation, layout design, the basis of circuits and interconnection lines, microprocessor design, etc.

Advanced Manufacturing Principle and Practice of Integrated Circuits (80260312)

Instructors: Tian He, Nan Tianxiang

This course will rely on the simulation platform, super clean room and test room experimental conditions of the Institute of Microelectronics to make the laboratory familiar with the layout drawing, simulation design, process flow sheet (including photolithography, etching, metal deposition and ALD) and testing process of mainstream FinFET electronic devices. At the same time, industry experts are invited to give academic lectures.

Specialized Elective Course: Six Modules

A. Integrated Circuit Design

The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (71020073)

Instructor: Chi Baoyong

The course will emphasis on the fundamental concepts, analysis methods and design techniques of RF integrated circuits, and will discuss the fundamental knowledge of wireless communication and RF circuits, the analysis and design techniques of key RF integrated circuit blocks (low noise amplifier, power amplifier, mixer, oscillator and phase-locked loop) as well as the system architecture of wireless transceiver. The students will be trained to have the basic ability of the analysis and design of RF integrated circuit.

Power Management Integrated Circuits (81020172)

Instructor: Jiang Hanjun

The power management integrate circuit (PMIC) is the key component in various types of electronic devices and systems. It is also the key building block in high performance very-large scale integrated circuits (VLSI). The PMIC falls in the category of analog integrated circuits. However, the analysis and design methodologies are quite different from those of classical linear analog circuits. The special analysis and design methodologies will be the major content of this course. More than half of the course hours will focus on switch regulators, nevertheless, other types of power management circuits will also be covered. The theoretical models and analysis method of PMICs will be discussed, as well as the practical circuit design technologies. The final project on switched power converter design will provide the students the opportunity to use the design methodologies obtained from this course to design a real PMIC using the CMOS technology. Contents: types and typical applications of PMICs; analysis and design methodologies of switched regulators, including the steady-state models of switched power converters under continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), modeling of power pass switches and loss analysis, ac equivalent model and frequency response of switch regulators, closed-loop control and compensation of switch regulators using voltage programmed mode (VPM) and current programmed mode (CPM); discussion on practical switch regulator design and key building blocks; new development of switch regulators, such as single-inductor multiple-output (SIMO) technologies and multi-phase modulation; related circuits such as envelop-tracked power amplifier and class-D amplifier; inductor-less power management circuits such as switched-capacitor regulators and low dropout (LDO) linear regulators. A final project on switch regulator design using CMOS technology will be assigned at the 11th week.

PLL Design and Clock/Frequency Generations (80260042)

Instructor: Rhee Woogeun

This course gives insights into phase-locked clock generation as well as the ability of gaining system perspectives and circuit design aspects of phase-locked loop (PLL) for wireless and wireline communications. In the first half of the course, basic theoretical analysis of the PLL and system/circuit design considerations will be discussed. The second half of the course consists of extensive lectures covering practical design aspects in various PLL applications and more advanced topics; frequency synthesis, clock-and-data recovery, delay-locked loops, on-chip testability and compensation, coupling in SoC design, and future challenges.

Design of Digital Integrated System (70260013)

Instructors: Wang Zhihua, Zhang Chun

It provides students with a system-level perspective and the tools they need to understand, analyze, and design digital systems. It goes beyond the design of simple combinational and sequential modules to show how such modules are used to build complete systems. All the essential topics needed to understand modern design practice are covered, including:

• Design and analysis of combinational and sequential modules

• Composition of combinational and sequential modules

• Data and control partitioning

• Factoring and composition of finite-state machines

• Interface specification

• System timing

• Synchronization

Microprocessor architecture and design (81020023)

Instructor: Li Shuguo

This course is for the undergraduate students of the Department of Microelectronics, is a student of the Department of Microelectronics, after mastering the design methods of digital circuits and integrated circuit technology, a deep understanding of the digital circuit design in the experience of integrated circuits. This course covers microprocessors as follows: The status, development and composition of microprocessors, microprocessor instruction design, microprocessor performance evaluation, microprocessor basic computing circuit, microprocessor structure design and data path design; Hardware implementation of control unit state machines, pipeline technology, storage management and Cache design, key microprocessor multicore key technologies and the latest developments. Based on the EDA tool platform of microelectronics, experiments are carried out to complete the design and verification of a simple 5-stage assembly line microprocessor, and can run an AES encryption program.

VLSI Digital Signal Processing (81020082)

Instructor: Liu Leibo

Asynchronous Circuits Design (81020182)

Instructor: Chen Hong

The principles and styles of asynchronous circuits will be introduced. The performance analysis and optimization, pipeline structure, implementation of the asynchronous channel, globally asynchronous locally synchronous design will also be discussed.

High-Speed Wireline Transceiver Design (80260182)

Instructor: Jia Haikun

Driven by the data traffic explosion, the requirement for high-speed high-efficient data transfer is fast growing. This course focuses on the design of high-speed wireline transceivers from basic concept to frontier design techniques. The scope of this course includes and not limited to the basic idea, the transmitter building blocks, the receiver building blocks, the equalization techniques, the clock and data recover circuits. The state-of-the-art design examples will be discussed and analyzed.

B. Design Methodology and EDA

Machine Learning Assisted Analog Integrated Circuit Design (80260213)

Instructor: Ye Zuochang

This course will focus on modeling, simulation, optimization and design methodology problems in analog integrated circuits design. We will take operational amplifier design as an example. Students will learn how to use gm/ID and machine learning assisted analog agile design methods. In experiments, students will use our analog design platform TED to perform technology transferable analog designs in Python language. The final score will be determined by home-work and final project report.

High-Level Synthesis of Digital VLSI System (71020043)

Instructors: Wei Shaojun, Yin Shouyi

Introduction to design methods on each design level during top-down procedure (including VHDL, design flow, behavioral description and simulation, the mapping between behavioral description and object architecture, datapath testing controller design, test pattern generation, system verification); behavioral design, datapath design and controller design and their optimizations, including VHDL description, operation scheduling, resource allocation, register assignment, control code generation, controller architectures and state optimization.

Introduction to VLSI Testing Methodology (81020032)

Instructor: He Hu

C. Advanced Manufacturing

Advanced Memory Technologies (80260322)

Instructors: Gao Bin

This course will introduce the state-of-the-art semiconductor memory technologies, include devices, technology, circuits, and systems. The course will be divided according to different memory types, including the mainstream SRAM, DRAM, Flash, and various emerging memories.

Design and Implementation of Micro-Systems (80260283)

Instructor: Wang Xiaohong

“Design and implementation of micro-systems” is a joint course based on lecturing course “MEMS and micro-systems” for undergraduates with more advanced frontier content. Students from three universities can cooperate through design, implementation and test for a practical project. In this way, their knowledge and abilities in MEMS modeling, Coventor, fabrication and device test will improve. Students will be separated in groups and design (using Coventor), discuss and fabricate their devices in super-clean lab in HKUST (by group members from Hong Kong). Then they will test their devices and compare with simulation results. Besides the theoretical knowledge, students will have a chance to learn from practical experiments rather than books. This will help to build a solid base for their future studies in the MEMS field.

Integrated Microsystems (81020162)

Instructor: Wang Zheyao

This course aims to provide an overview of integrated microsystems with large extents and significant profundity for students to achieve the knowledge, skills, and ability to fulfill the requirements of future microelectronics. This course features the combination of fundamental knowledge and practical applications, as well as the combination of design and microfabrication. Upon the basic knowledge, the microfabrication and nanofabrication technologies, MEMS technologies, microsensor technologies, and system integration technologies are presented, with special focuses on typical microsystems. A comprehensive knowledge on the design, fabrication, applications and technological trends of microsystems are presented.

D. Device Physics

Nanoelectronics Devices (81020112)

Instructor: Tian He

Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Materials and Devices (80260032)

Instructor: Ren Tian-ling

This course introduces the basic concepts, principles and methods of new micro-nano electronic materials and devices. The main contents include: new dielectric materials and integrated devices, magnetic electronic materials and devices, low-dimensional semiconductor materials and devices, molecular electronic materials and devices, etc.

Power Electronic Devices (80260262)

Instructor: Liu Xiaosen

This course is the cornerstone theory of the IC process and fabrication postgraduate program. It is also a vital part of the semiconductor device research and the core knowledge for power management, power delivery network and high-power system. It focuses on a variety of power semiconductor device architectures, their principles, and the latest news of international research in this area. This course starts by covering the device physics, especially the high voltage characteristics and breakdown mechanism under high voltage. Then it extends to the exploration for power device, from the most fundamental Si power diodes to more complex categories such as BJTs, thyristors, MOSFETs, IGBTs, MCTs etc. with explanation of their fabrication process. Besides that, the emerging next-generation wide bandgap power device, such as SiC and GaN, are covered and compared with the conventional Si-based technology. In the end, this course explores the methodology for choosing, operating and optimizing those power devices in efficient and safe zone. More specifically, several application examples such as the power management and energy conversion circuits are discussed to illustrate the driving solution for those power devices. By taking this course, the students acquire the fundamental knowledge about the power semiconductor devices and ICs, and the ability of applying the learnt theory to conduct research and develop products, which serves as a concrete foundation for future postgraduate research.

Organic Electronical Devices (80260082)

Instructor: Xie Dan

“Organic electronic devices” will introduce the organic electric materials and their application in devices. Chapter 1 is the introduction of the lesson. Chapter 2~4 will introduce the common organic semiconductors and their preparation methods as well as their characteristics. Chapter 5 and 6 will introduce the organic field effect transistors and their applications in memory, some other organic memories will be introduced in this section. Chapter 7 and 8 will introduce the organic optical materials and their applications in optoelectronics including organic lighting-emitting diodes and novel photodetectors. Chapter 9 will introduce the organic solar cells and their applications. Chapter 10 will introduce the working principles, the research background and the applications of organic sensors. Chapter 11 will introduce carbon-based materials and their applications in electronic devices.

E. Interdisciplinary Study of lntegrated Circuit Technology

Fabrication and processing of materials for integrated circuits (80260302)

Instructor: Nan Tianxiang

This course will introduce fabrication and processing of materials for integrated circuits. Covers structure, defects and characterization approaches of materials, and materials processing techniques and tools. The physical mechanisms behind the processing technique will be focused. Topics include: 1. crystalline structure and the growth dynamics of materials;

2. silicon and compound semiconductor wafer fabrication and characterization;

3. semiconductor and metal thin films, vacuum science, plasma physics and deposition techniques;

4. Fabrication raw materials;

5. Emerging materials for integrated circuits.

Elective Courses

Advances in Semiconductor Device Physics (71020013)

Instructor: Xu Jun

Micronanoelectronic Technology in Environment Science (80260112)

Instructor: Yang Yi

The environmental and health problems have become increasingly prominent in recent years. Micro-nano sensor technology used in the field of environmental monitoring is a typical multi-disciplinary fusion technology and has been developing rapidly, involving micro-nano sensor technology, micro-nanofabrication technologies, signal detection and transmission technology, biochemistry and materials technology. The contents of the course include: Micronanoelectronic key technology for environment and health, as well as development and trends related technologies.

Advanced Micro and Nano Devices Principle and Fabrication (80260143)

Instructor: Tian He

This course is located in a postgraduate experimental class and introduces the whole process of advanced microelectronic devices. This course covers the simulation design, layout drawing, process flow sheeting, and test flow involved in micro-nano devices. FinFETs will be used as a typical case for the entire process teaching. The FinFET simulation and preparation will be completed based on the microelectronics platform. The involved processes include: simulation of FinFET by Sentaurs software; layout of design device; photolithography; etching; sputtering; atomic layer deposition (ALD); B1500 electrical testing. Students have the opportunity to personally complete these processes, which will provide great help for future research. The environmental and health problems have become increasingly prominent in recent years. Micro-nano sensor technology used in the field of environmental monitoring is a typical multi-disciplinary fusion technology and has been developing rapidly, involving micro-nano sensor technology, micro-nanofabrication technologies, signal detection and transmission technology, biochemistry and materials technology. The contents of the course include: Micronanoelectronic key technology for environment and health, as well as development and trends related technologies.

Design of Intelligent Robots (80260162)

Instructor: Zhang Chun

Intelligent robots have a wide range of applications in the future, and have been attracting enormous interest in both academia and industry in recent years. The design of intelligent robot involves electronics, computer, automation and so on. This course offers sophomore and junior students an experimental-oriented training and practice, highlighting comprehensive applications of signal acquisition, signal processing, and embedded system design learned in related theoretical courses. The performance of the students are evaluated through the design and programming of humanoid robot.

Principles of Semiconductor Lithography and Related Processing (80260222)

Instructors: Neisser Mark, Yan Liren

The course will cover modern lithography as used in semiconductor production., It will describe the equipment and materials used, resolution limitations, resolution enhancements, overlay, reflection control, types of photoresists, the theory of resist, and describe some processes after resist, such as etch and double pattering.

Semiconductor Innovation Business Model (80260172)

Instructor: Chen Shau-Min Michael

The process of industrial civilization in the modern history of mankind kicked off the first industrial revolution in the 18th century. It has undergone many applications and changes of science and technology. The productivity of mankind has greatly increased and life has improved. Throughout every change, it has caused drastic changes in the business model and competitive situation, and has always had a huge impact on the existing so-called traditional industries, and even threatened them. Ignore this trend, and those who are indifferent and ignored are often left behind. On the contrary, when facing change head-on, those who take advantage of the situation often move to the next level. In recent years, the innovation of IT technology has led to a leap in human life and civilization. Every innovation in the IT industry will relatively increase the value of the world’s society. Due to the massive application of IT in industrial design and production, efficiency has skyrocketed, coupled with the convenience of the Internet and logistics, coupled with the rise of the combination of mechanical automation and artificial intelligence in production, has accelerated the fierce competition. Especially in the IT industry, the semiconductor chip industry is the top priority, the cornerstone of the IT industry and the practice of innovative and popular business models. The country attaches great importance to the development of the semiconductor industry, and many policies and a large amount of funds have been matched accordingly. New and old companies are rushing to compete in this arena. At the same time, new companies appear in every traditional field, are entraining capital, IT technology and new business models, challenging traditional industries and inherent forces, and breaking the balance.

Industrial Frontiers Technologies in Integrated Circuits (80260251)

Instructor: Jiang Ke

The “Semiconductor Technologies and Applications” lecture aims to provide graduate students with an overview of semiconductor technologies and their applications. The technologies include wafer manufacturing and assembly technologies. Besides introducing the classical technologies, the course will also provide cutting-edge industry technologies (ALD, TSV, advanced packaging, heterogeneous integration, Wide-band gap semiconductor GaN and SiC, etc.). This lecture will balance theoretical learning and knowledge application. If the situation allows, the lecturer will arrange a visit to a semiconductor fab or an assembly house to connect what the graduate could learn from the course to the industry reality. Moreover, the lecturer will provide semiconductor market and supply chain knowledge to fully prepare the graduate students who would like to pursue career development in the semiconductor industry.

Advanced Integrated Circuits Technology (90268022)

Instructor: Wu Huaqiang

The requirements for professional knowledge in each link of the entire integrated circuit industry chain are quite different, including electronics, machinery, materials, computers and other fields, and the innovation of the integrated circuit industry requires leading talents to have an in-depth understanding of various fields. In response to this feature, it is planned to set up "Advanced Technology of Integrated Circuits", which will be taught by senior professors in relevant professional fields in the school in their respective scientific research fields, and set courses for five core directions of integrated circuit design, manufacturing, EDA, special equipment and special materials. Each direction consists of several modules, each module corresponds to a key technology in the direction, and each module course will in-depth teach the theory, concepts, elements, development history, frontier progress and future development of this key technology. Doctoral students can choose any module courses in the course library, and they can obtain credits if they meet 32 credit hours. There is no upper limit on the credit hours, which fully meets the academic interests and development needs of doctoral students.

Frontier technologies in Integrated Circuits Industry(90268012)

Instructor: Wu Huaqiang

The requirements for professional knowledge in each link of the entire integrated circuit industry chain are quite different, including electronics, machinery, materials, computers and other fields, and the innovation of the integrated circuit industry requires leading talents to understand the forefront of the industry in various fields. Get some insight. In response to this feature, it is planned to set up "Integrated Circuit Industry Technology Frontiers", where senior technical leaders of leading companies will teach the industry frontier progress and future development in various technical directions, and will focus on integrated circuit design, manufacturing, EDA, special equipment and special materials. Courses are set up in 5 core directions, and each direction has several modules. Each module corresponds to a key technology in the direction. Each module course will in-depth teach the industry elements, development history, frontier progress and future development of the key technology. . Doctoral students can choose any module courses in the course library, and they can obtain credits if they meet 32 credit hours. There is no upper limit on the credit hours, which fully meets the academic interests and development needs of doctoral students.